Myasthenia gravis is a long-term autoimmune condition that affects the way nerves communicate with muscles. The result is muscle weakness that often gets worse with activity and improves with rest. Simple actions like speaking, chewing, or lifting your arms may suddenly feel harder. The condition can range from mild to severe, and it may affect different muscle groups in varying degrees in different individuals.
With over 20 years of experience in neurology practice, Dr Soraya Osman can help by diagnosing the condition accurately and guiding you through treatment and management options.
What symptoms should you look out for?
The signs of myasthenia gravis can vary from one person to another. Common symptoms include:
- Drooping eyelids or blurred and double vision
- Difficulty speaking clearly or a soft, nasal voice
- Weakness in the arms, hands, or legs
- Trouble chewing or swallowing
- Fatigue that worsens as the day goes on
- Shortness of breath in more severe cases
These symptoms may appear gradually and can sometimes be mistaken for other conditions, making specialist assessment important.
What causes myasthenia gravis?
In myasthenia gravis, the immune system produces antibodies that block or damage the communication between nerves and muscles. This prevents muscles from contracting properly, leading to weakness. The exact reason this process begins is not always apparent, but specific triggers, such as infections, stress, or some medications, can make symptoms worse.
How is myasthenia gravis diagnosed?
Diagnosis involves a combination of history-taking, examination, and investigations. Your neurologist may recommend:
- Blood tests to check for specific antibodies linked to the condition
- Electromyography (EMG) and nerve conduction studies, which Dr Osman offers, to assess electrical activity in muscles and nerves
- Imaging tests, such as CT or MRI scans, to look for abnormalities like a thymus gland tumour
- Breathing tests to assess the impact on the respiratory muscles
These tests are important as they assist in confirming your diagnosis and understanding the condition as a whole.
What treatment options are available?
We know that there is no cure for myasthenia gravis, but effective treatments can manage symptoms and improve quality of life. These may include:
- Medications that enhance communication between nerves and muscles
- Drugs that reduce the immune system’s attack on the neuromuscular junction
- In some cases, surgical removal of the thymus gland is necessary if it is enlarged or abnormal
- Supportive care such as physiotherapy and speech therapy
Treatment is tailored to the severity of symptoms and your specific needs.
How can you manage the condition daily?
Living with myasthenia gravis often involves making adjustments to reduce fatigue and avoid triggers. Practical steps include:
- Taking regular breaks during activities to prevent overexertion
- Eating softer foods if chewing or swallowing is difficult
- Planning tasks earlier in the day when muscles may be stronger
- Avoiding extreme heat, which can make symptoms worse
- Following your treatment plan and keeping up with medical appointments
These small changes can make a meaningful difference to everyday life.
Take the next step
If you are experiencing muscle weakness, vision changes, or fatigue that worsens with activity, it may be linked to myasthenia gravis. Booking an appointment with Dr Soraya Osman can help you understand your symptoms and take steps toward managing your health.